Health promotion through lifestyle is at the heart of modern preventive medicine. Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM), with its centuries-old wisdom, offers a culturally grounded model for achieving well-being. This review explores ITM’s approach to lifestyle through Setteh-e-Zaruriyyeh—six essential principles of health—and their relevance to modern challenges. By integrating concepts like Mizaj (temperament) and reviewing clinical studies, we show how ITM aligns with contemporary strategies. The paper concludes with suggestions for integrating ITM into public health frameworks.